Lesson 8 of 25

The Discipline of Precise Limitation

Constraints are the limits you set on the answer before you get it - how long, what format, what tone, and crucially what to leave out. They work because an unconstrained model fills space with the most average version of a thing, and every limit you add removes a swathe of that averageness. Negative constraints, saying what not to include, often sharpen an answer more than positive ones.

Reach for it whenWhen you keep getting answers that are technically correct but too long, too generic, or padded with the one section you did not want.

Give each constraint its own tag inside a <constraints> block, and put the exclusions in a separate <exclusions> block - splitting them that way makes the negative constraints impossible to skim past. Add a <when_constraints_conflict> block saying what to do when two cannot both hold, and ask for a constraint audit in the output: Claude will genuinely report that it came in at 162 words rather than asserting it met the limit.

Worth knowingWord counts are still estimates, not guarantees. The real gain here is honesty about the miss and about which constraint damaged the answer - ask for that and you get it, which is more useful than a limit silently broken.
  • One tag per constraint; exclusions in their own block.
  • Add a <when_constraints_conflict> rule before the task.
  • Ask for a constraint audit, not a reassurance.
  • Ask which constraint hurt the answer most.
  • Ask it to flag its own violations of your exclusions.
Example 1: Constraining Length and Format

Instead of

Explain what an API is.

Perplexity version

<task>
Explain what an API is to a non-technical project manager.
</task>

<constraints>
<length>150 words maximum, with the count in brackets at the end.</length>
<analogy>The waiter in a restaurant: customer's order is the request, the kitchen is the system, the food coming back is the response. Hold this analogy throughout - do not switch to a second one.</analogy>
<structure>Analogy first, then exactly one sentence of plain technical definition. Nothing follows that sentence.</structure>
<audience>Assumes no programming knowledge at all.</audience>
<banned_words>endpoint, protocol, interface, integration, payload</banned_words>
<format>Prose. No bullet lists.</format>
</constraints>

<when_constraints_conflict>
If two constraints genuinely cannot both be satisfied, do not quietly break one. Say which one you sacrificed and why, in a line after the explanation. The word limit against the structure requirement is the likely pinch point.
</when_constraints_conflict>

<output>
First, under <explanation>, the explanation itself.

Then, under <constraint_audit>, go through the six constraints above one by one and state whether each was met. I want this as a checklist, not a reassurance - if the word count is 162, say 162.

Then, under <weakest_link>, name the constraint that most damaged the explanation. If the banned-words list forced a clumsier sentence than necessary, tell me which word you want back.
</output>
Open Perplexity 1,435 characters
Example 2: Constraining Tone and Style

Instead of

Write an email telling my team we hit our sales target.

Perplexity version

<task>
Write an internal email to the sales team announcing that we have exceeded our quarterly sales target by 15%.
</task>

<constraints>
<tone>Exuberant, celebratory, motivational. Two or three exclamation marks, not ten.</tone>
<style>Direct and personal. "We" and "our team" throughout.</style>
<must_include>Explicit thanks for the team's hard work; the figure "15% over target"; a team celebration dinner next Friday.</must_include>
<must_exclude>Individual names singled out. Next quarter's targets. Anything about what comes next - this email does one job only.</must_exclude>
<banned_phrases>leverage, synergy, circle back, going forward, touch base, reach out, at the end of the day</banned_phrases>
<length>Under 200 words including the subject line.</length>
</constraints>

<format>
Subject line, then body. No commentary inside or around the email.
</format>

<output>
Under <email>, the draft.

Under <tension>, name the constraint pair that pulled hardest against each other and say how you resolved it. Celebratory tone against a jargon ban usually costs something; I want to know what it cost.

Under <would_improve>, one line: the single constraint you would drop to make this a better email, and why. Say it even if you think I will disagree.
</output>

<note>
Put this constraint set into a Project as standing house style if I am going to send announcements like this regularly - then I only state what is new each time.
</note>
Open Perplexity 1,451 characters
Example 3: Using Negative Constraints to Sharpen Focus

Instead of

Give me a workout plan.

Perplexity version

<task>
Create a 3-day-per-week beginner workout plan for building strength.
</task>

<constraints>
<goal>Functional strength for daily life. Not bodybuilding, not weight loss.</goal>
<equipment>Bodyweight and dumbbells only.</equipment>
<format>One table: Day, Exercise, Sets, Reps, Why this exercise.</format>
</constraints>

<exclusions>
<no_barbell>No barbell work and no gym machines of any kind.</no_barbell>
<no_impact>No jumping, running or plyometrics. The user has sensitive knees.</no_impact>
<no_fixtures>No bench, no pull-up bar, no rack.</no_fixtures>
<no_scope_creep>No supplements, no diet advice, no body-composition discussion.</no_scope_creep>
</exclusions>

<output>
Under <plan>, the table.

Under <substitutions>, one line per exclusion: the exercise you would normally have included, and what you used instead. The swap teaches more than the table does.

Under <still_loads_knees>, flag any exercise in your own table that meaningfully loads the knees despite the constraint. Deep lunges and step-ups slip into sensitive-knee plans routinely - I would rather you catch yours than I discover it.

Under <what_this_plan_cannot_do>, be straight with me about what the equipment and impact limits cost. If a genuinely good beginner strength plan needs something on the excluded list, say so rather than producing a thinner plan and calling it complete.
</output>

<note>
This is general information, not medical advice. Say so in one line, and if the knee constraint points to something a physiotherapist should set rather than a prompt, say that too.
</note>
Open Perplexity 1,577 characters